Knowledge Management A Competitive Advantage Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2704 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example?   In the twenty first century landscape with all its uncertainty and dynamism, many firms are competing in a complex and  challenging environment which is being transformed by many factors ranging from globalization, technological  development and increasingly rapid diffusion of technology, to the development and use of knowledge (Hitt, Keats, and  DeMarie, 1998).  As such, the foundation of organizational competitiveness has shifted from an emphasis on physical and tangible  resources to knowledge (Wong and Aspinwall, 2005) and managing knowledge-based resources has become the key for  sustaining competitive advantage (CA) and superior performance (Grant, 1996b; Grover and Davenport, 2001; Jackson,  Hitt, and DeNisi, 2003; Sharkie, 2003; and Teece, Pisano, and Shuen, 1997). To deal with this enhanced  dynamism and uncertainty of the business environment, one of the current strategic philosophies assis ting firms to develop strategic capabilities is the knowledge management. It helps the organizations to systematically acquire,  create, share, and use knowledge so as to develop, renew, and exploit their  knowledge-based resources, thereby allowing them to be proactive and adaptable to external  changes and attain competitive success. . Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Knowledge Management A Competitive Advantage Business Essay" essay for you Create order Review literature:- Under the light of the previous researches, some researchers  (Davenport and Prusak, 1998; (Zack, 1999) (Alavi Leidner, 2001) noted that competitive advantage is  realized only when the organizations tracking methods  and ways are efficient and distinctive and one of those  ways is through the knowledge management of the organization  that have achieved competitive advantage not for  a specific period, but a long term.  (Gupta Mcdaniel, 2002) studied knowledge management  and competitive advantage by examining the  vital link between the management of knowledge in  contemporary organizations and the development of a  sustainable competitive advantage. The used variables  are conceptualized in terms of organizational effectiveness,  efficiency, core competency, costs; knowledge  acquirement, knowledge filtering, knowledge configuration,  knowledge dissemination and knowledge ap plication. (Goh, 2005) also identified that the field of knowledge  management has emerged strongly as the next source of  competitive advantage. (Ismail Ong, 2008). Emphasized that firms can  achieve the sustainable competitive advantage by information  technology facilities. He sees that even if a firm  owned the most sophisticated information technology  facilities which are impossible for the competitors to  imitate or substitute, and for sure it is rare, but if there is  no knowledgeable personnel in the organization, or the knowledgeable personnel in the organization is not willing  to utilize these facilities, these facilities would not generate  any value to the organization. Obviously, to achieve  sustainable competitive advantage, knowledge, willingness  to use operations and availability of facilities must  co-exist.  Hence, the question before the organizations is how shoul d they  develop a knowledge management system to coordinate  people, technology and infra-structure to create  advantages competitiveness and sustainability in  business environments? Knowledge:- Knowledge is a different term from data and information. Data is simply raw facts, measurements etc. Information is organized or processed data that is timely and accurate. Knowledge as defined by (Tiwana, 2000) is the actionable (relevant) information available in the right format, at the right time, and at the right place for decision making. For example, sales of a particular year will be simply data, if we process the sales data and find sales in the north region is more, it will be information. By applying our experience we can conclude that south region requires more marketing efforts than north, it is knowledge. Knowledge is a valuable source for the organization because it helps the organization in taking important decisions in the rapid changing business environment. Knowledge is dynamic in nature. This implies that todays knowledge may well become tomorrows ignorance if an organization fails to update knowledge as environmental conditions change. Definition of Knowledge Management:- Knowledge management is an emerging concept and has got many different definitions. The term knowledge management was first introduced in a 1986 in a European management conference. Alternative definitions have been proposed since that attempt to capture the complexities of knowledge management. The 20  American Productivity and Quality Center defined knowledge management as the strategies and processes of identifying, capturing and leveraging knowledge. (knapp, 1998) defined knowledge management as the art of transforming information and intellectual assets into enduring value for an organizations clients and its people. Darroch also defined knowledge management as the process that creates or locates knowledge and manages the sharing, dissemination, and use of knowledge within the organization.   The traditional definitions of knowledge management focused only on the knowledge that is recognized and already articulated in some form. However, increasingly, knowledge m anagement is also incorporating the managing of important tacit knowledge (Sabherwal    Becerra-Fernandez, 2003). Davenport and Prusak (1998) defined knowledge   management as the management of a corporations knowledge through a systematic and   organizational specified process for acquiring, organizing, sustaining, applying, sharing,   and renewing both tacit and explicit knowledge from employees to improve   organizational performance and to create value.   Wiig (1994) suggested that knowledge management in an organization must be   considered from three perspectives, each with different scopes and purposes: (a) a  business perspective focusing on why, where, and to what extent the organization must   invest in or exploit knowledge, and which strategies, products and services, alliances,   acquisitions, or divestments should be considered from a knowledge-related point of view;   (b) a management perspec tive focusing on determining, organizing, directing, and   monitoring knowledge-related activities required to achieve the desired business strategies and objectives; and (c) a hands-on operational perspective focusing on   applying the professional skill to conduct explicit knowledge-related work and tasks.   In fact, knowledge management is a principle that is aimed at satisfying and exceeding the customers expectations (Keskin, 2005). Knowledge management is a relatively new business philosophy. The goal of knowledge management is to identify, capture, store, maintain, and deliver useful knowledge in a meaningful form to anyone who needs it, anyplace and anytime, within an organization. Knowledge management is about sharing and collaborating at the organizational level. Knowledge management has the potential to revolutionize the way we share expertise, make decisions, and conduct business. History of knowledge management:- Knowledge management era started with the use of different programs which include on-the-job discussions, formal apprenticeship,  discussion forums, corporate libraries, professional training and mentoring programs. The use of computers in the second half of 20th century brought a revolution in the knowledge management field. It resulted in the specific  adaptations  of technologies such as  knowledge bases,  expert systems,  knowledge repositories,  group decision support systems,  intranets, and  computer-supported cooperative work  which developed the emerging knowledge management field to a large extent. In 1999, the term  personal knowledge management  was introduced which refers to the management of knowledge at the individual level (Wright, 2005). In terms of the enterprise, early collections of case studies recognized the importance of knowledge management dimensions of strategy, proce ss, and measurement (Morey, Maybury Thuraisingham 2002. Recently with the use of the  Web 2.0, the concept of Knowledge Management has taken into consideration the participation of people and  emergence. This line of evolution is termed  Enterprise 2.0  (McAfee 2006). However, there is an ongoing debate and discussions (Lakhani McAfee 2007) as to whether  Enterprise 2.0  is just a fad that does not bring anything new or useful or whether it is, indeed, the future of knowledge management (Davenport T. , 2008) Knowledge management cycle:- The  knowledge  management  cycle  as  given  by  Turban  involves  six  steps.  To  keep  the  knowledge  management  system  effective,  the  knowledge  has  to  be  updated  with  time.  The  knowledge  management  cycle  works  as  follows:- Create  knowledge:  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  knowledge  creation  is  the  generation  of  new  ideas,  insights  or  routin.  It  involves  developing  new  ways  of  doing  things  or  develops  knowhow.  Sometimes  new  knowledge  is  brought  in  or  sometimes  own  knowledge  is  improved . Capture  knowledge:  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  new  knowledge  must  be  identified  as  valuable  and  be  represented  in  a  reasonable  way. Refine  knowledge:  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  new  knowledge  must  be  placed  in  context  so  that  it  is  reused.  That  is  where  human  insights  must  be  captured  along  with  explicit  facts. Store  knowledge useful  knowledge  must  be  stored  in  knowledge  repository  so  that  others in  an  organization  can  access  it. Manage  knowledge:  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  a  knowledge  repository  must  be  updated  so  that  it  holds  the  current  data  that  is  relevant  and  accurate. Create knowledge Capture knowledge Refine knowledge Store knowledge Manage knowledge Disseminate knowledge Disseminate  knowledge: knowledge  must  be  made  available  in  a  right  format  to  anyone  in  the  organization  who  needs  it,  anywhere  and  anytime.   (turban, sharda, delen) Benefits  of  knowledge  management:- Within  the  usage  of  Knowledge  Management,  the  company  can  have  following  advantages:- Innovation  with  the  help  of  flow  of  ideas: The  knowledge  management  programs  can  allow  employees  and  departments  to  see  the  overall status  of  the  company  about  a  specific  development  field.  With  the  help  of  this  ability,  new  ideas  and  innovative  techniques  can  be  emerged  with  respect  to  the  existing  knowledge. Improving  the  customer  satisfaction  by  reducing  the  responseƚ  time: With  the  help  of  the  Knowledge  Management  usage,  the  employees  of  the  company  will  be  able  to  find  the  opportunity  of  appropriate  solutions  to  customers  with  an  acceptable  response  time  because  KM  will  allow  them  to  find  the  necessary  information  about  the  demand  of  the  customer  more  relatively  and  rapidly. Increasing  the  revenues: With  the  help  of  the  KM,  the  necessary  product  and  service  that  the  company  provides  will  be  locate d  in  the  market,  with  the  help  of  the  rapid  interdepartmental  communication  to  use  the  right  information  at  the  right  time. Keeping  employee  dynamic: The  employees  are  important  to  be  kept  alive  during  critical  transactions.  With  the  help  of  Knowledge  Management,  the  information  system  that  contains  the  functions  of  KM  can  record  the  value  of  every  employee  and  allows  managers  to  reward  them  if  they  have  critical  additions  to  the  business   process  transactions  of  the  company. Process  reduction: With  the  help  of  KM,  the  costs  and  amount  operations  can  be  reduced  by  eliminating  the  redundancy  of  process  phases  and  unnecessary  ones. Sustained  competitive  advantage:   KM  can  allow  companies  to  increase  the  importance  of  intellectual  properties  and  knowledge-based  assets  that  can  be  costly  to  imitate  n  the  market  that  the  company  locates  in.  This  can  help  the  company  to  have  a  com petitive  advantage  in  a  long-term  period. Knowledge  management  can  improve  the  total  efficiency,  productivity  and  revenues  in  any  business  transaction  if  it  can  be  used  well. Competitive  advantage:-  As  the  global  competition  becomes  increasingly  fierce,  how  to  achieve  competitive  advantage  starts  obtaining  more  attention. (Barney J. , 1991) noted  that  when  an  organization  is  implementing  a  value  creating  strategy  not  simultaneously  being  implemented  by  any  current  or  potential  rivals,  then  the  organization  has  a  competitive  advantage.  And  when  other  organizations  are  unable  to  copy  the  benefits  of  this  strategy,  it  confirms  that  the  organization  has  a  sustainable  competit ive  advantage.  In  2008,  Barney  distinguished  two  types  of  competitive  advantage:  temporary  and  sustainable  competitive  advantage.  According  to  him,  competitive  advantage  typically  results  in  high  profits,  but  these  profits  attract  competition,  and  competition  limits  the  duration  of  competitive  advantage  in  most  cases,  therefore,  most  competitive  advantage  is  temporary.  On  the  other  hand,  some  competitive  advantages  are  sustainable  if  competitors  are  unable  to  imitate  the  sourceÃ⠀šÃ‚  of  advantage  or  if  no  one  conceives  a  better  offering.  Furthermore,  refers (Al-hawary hani, 2009) to  competitive  advantage  as,  to  create  some  barriers  that  make  firms  performance  imitation  difficult.  That  is,  since  the  competitive  advantage  is  at  the  heart  of  firms  performance,  it  should  protect  itself  from  being  despoiled  and  assimilate  new  sources  of  technologies,  skills,  and  core  competencies. Michael  porters  concept  of  competitive  advantage:- According  to  porter,  when  a  firms  profits  are  more  than  the  industry,  its  said  to  have  a  competitive  advantage.  Michael  porter  identified  two  types  of  competitive  advantage:- cost  advantage differentiation  advantage Cost  advantage  is  enjoyed  by  the  firm  when  it  produces  the  same  product  as  its  competitors  but  at  a  lower  cost.  Differentiation  advantage  results  when  a  firm  delivers  benefits  that  exceed  those  of  competing  products.  Thus  a  competitive  advanta ge  enables  the  firms  to  deliver  superior  value  to  customers  and  superior  profits  for  itself.  Knowledge  management  a  competitive  advantage:- Knowledge  management  helps  in  gaining  competitive  advantage  in  the  following  ways:- Knowledge  management  can  Increase  productivity  of  an  organization  by  applying  effective  organizational  knowledge  management.  By  having  your  knowledge  processes  in  a  structure,  it  will  allow  those  with  the  necessary  knowledge  to  quickly  share  or  apply  it  and  you  can  reduce  wasteful  meetings  and  inefficient  knowledge  bottlenecks.  This  will  help  you  get  more  work  hours  from  your  em ployees  and  create  a  cost  advantage. The  technological  solutions  can  be  applied  in  an  organization  for  knowledge  dispersal  within  an  organization.  By  offering  easier,  more  intuitive  ways  for  your  employees  to  create  and  share  knowledge,  your  company  can  produce  more  and  better  knowledge  than  your  competitors,  thus  gaining  a  quality  advantage. Foster  and  reward  the  sharing  of  knowledge.  Whether  creating  master/apprentice  relationships  or  monetarily  rewarding  those  who  share  knowledge  within  your  company,  take  steps  to  ensure  that  every  employee  is  trying  to  share  useful  knowledge. Its  the  knowledge  management  tools  that  help  the  organization  in  identifying  the  unmet  needs.  Having  a  proactive  approach  to  satisfy  those  needs  is  definitively  going  to  provide  an  organization  a  competitive  advantage.  Good  knowledge  management  also  allows  in  identifying  the  niche  markets  and  by  addressing  the  needs  in  these  niche  marketsà ‚  is  going   to  prove  one  of  the  attribute  of  your  organization  success. Almost  all  organizations  are  using  the  knowledge  management  to  remain  competitive  in  market.  Taking  the  example  of  WallMart,  the  worlds  largest  retail  corporation  ,  it  views  the  knowledge  management  not  only  as  a  way  of  enhancing  profitability  and  financial  growth  but  also  as  a  way  of  remaining  competitive  in  a  turbulent  world  of  businesses.  It  has  invested  a  lar ge  amount  of  money  in  building  a  strong  knowledge  management  system.  It  is  because  of  the  effective  km  system  that  it  has  emerged  as  the  worlds  largest  corporation.  WallMart  employs  different  tools  of  knowledge  management  to  remain  competitive  in  market.  Starting  from  the  simple  tools  of  knowledge  management  like  onthejob  discussions,  formal  apprenticeship,  discussion  forums,  corporate  libraries,  professional  training  and  mentoring  programs  to  the  advanced  technologiesƚ  like  knowledge  bases,  expert  systems,  knowledge  repositories,  group  decision  support  systems,  intranets,  and  computersupported  cooperative  work,  it  uses  each  and  every  technology  of  knowledge  management  to  have  a  competitive  edge  in  the  market.  The  knowledge  management  helped  the  WallMart  in  cutting  operational  costs  and  building  up  a  value  for  its  shareholders.  The  employees  in  WallMart  are  very  much  satisfied  with  the  knowledge  management  system  functional  in  almost  all  units.  With  the  tools  of  knowledge  management  the  best  employees  in  WallMart  are  chosen  and  accordingly  rewards  are  given.  TheWallMart  stores  reliable  knowledge  management  skills  have  resulted  in  enhanced  efficiency  in  service  delivery  and  customer  care  as  well  as  development  of  great  competition.Hence,  an  effective  knowledge  management  system  is  one  of  the  driving  forces  for  WallMart  for  its  great  success.  The  other  examples  that  proved  thatà ‚  effective  knowledge  management  can  help  achieve  organization  goals  and  help  in  remaining  competitive  in  market  are  sportswear  giants  Adidas  and  Nike. (KNOWLEDGE-MANAGEMENT-A-CASE-STUDY-OF-WALLMART) Conclusion:- Competitive  advantage  is  at  the  heart  of  a  firms  performance  in  todays  challenging  and  rapidly  changing  environment.  To  secure  the  competitive  advantage,  firms  should  be  able  to  continuously  acquire,  create  and  disseminate  knowledge  across  various  levels  of  the  organization.  Knowledge  is  central  to  strategy  formulation  and  Implementation,  knowledge  management  has  become  a  key  strategic  task  facing  managers  for  achieving  success  in  todays  complex  and  dynamic  environmentsà ‚  (Muthusamyand  Palanisamy,  2004).  The  shifting  winds  of  change  in  todays  business  environment,  where  the  Market  place  is  increasingly  competitive  and  the  rate  of  innovation  is  rising,  have  made  Enterprises  realize  that  knowledge  is  their  key  asset.  It  is  pointed  out  that  the  most  valuable  Assets  of  the  21st  Century  enterprise  is  its  knowledge  and  knowledge  workers(Sunman  and  Kruger,  2004).  It  is  argued  that  knowledge  is  displacing  natural  resources,à ‚  capital  and  labor  as  the  basic  Economic  resource  in  the  new  economy.  Knowledge  mostly  the  tacit  knowledge  is  hard  to  imitate  so  effectively  managing  such  type  of  knowledge  in  an  organization  is  definitely  going  to  lead  the  organization  to  a  place  which  for  others  will  be  difficult  to  achieve.  Knowledge  management  helps  us  in  identifying  unmet  needs  in  the  market.  Having  a  proactive  approach  to  satisfy  these  needs  is  going  toà ‚  place  your  organization  above  all  in  the  turbulent  competitive  business  environment.  So,  every  Organization  should  start  thinking  of  a  sound  knowledge  management,  because  in  a  knowledge-driven  economy  its  the  only  source  of  achieving  success  over  others.

After Effects of Enron Scandal and Sarbanes-Oxley Act on...

Standard to most businesses is the idea that it is managements only responsibility in an organization to generate profits the best possible fiscal return for stakeholders. This template argues that the fiscal responsibility of the business is paramount, and sometimes ethics and moral tend to be pushed to the backburner (Savage and McEltory, 2005). This is particularly true when one adds the necessity of ethical responsibility from business professionals. The Enron Scandal, for instance, became a global call for accounting reform and clearly reduced the publics confidence in the corporate environment. Briefly, Texas-based energy company Enron used one of the nations most prestigious accounting firms, Arthur Anderson. Enron employed over twenty-thousand people and had revenues over $100 billion. Forbes magazine called the company one of Americas Most Innovative for five years. However, a company whistle-blower told Federal regulators that much of Enrons reported data, signed off on by Anderson, was false.Essentially, Enron reported sales incorrectly, thus the balance sheet showed profits that were false, but increased the organizations stock price and value. Because of the scandal, both companies filed for bankruptcy. The case was so well publicized that the name Enron is now synonymous with scandal, corporate greed, and dishonesty in accounting (Bryce, 2002; Peregrine, 2011). As a direct result of the ENRON scandal, the United States government began to pressureShow MoreRelatedCorporate Scandals And The Implact Of The Sarbanes Oxley Act1472 Words   |  6 PagesA LOOK AT CORPORATE SCANDALS AND THE IMPLACT OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 I. INTRODUCTION An economic boom filled with fraud, collapsed in the early 2000s with the unravelling of Enron in October 2001 followed by the implosion of WorldCom and many others big corporations. 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It explains how this is an Act that represents the governments and the Security and Exchange Commissions concern in promoting ethical standards in terms of financial disclosure in the corporate environment. This paper addresses theRead MoreEffects of Sarbanes-Oxley Act1957 Words   |  8 PagesABSTRACT This paper provides an in-depth evaluation of Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which is said to be promoted to produce change in the corporate environment, in general, by stressing issues of public accountability and disclosure in the financial operations of business. It explains how this is an Act that represents the government s and the Security and Exchange Commission s concern in promoting ethical standards in terms of financial disclosure in the corporate environment. This paper addresses theRead More Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2004 Essay1713 Words   |  7 PagesSarbanes Oxley Act of 2004 The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was signed into law on July 30, 2002 by President Bush. The new law came after major corporate scandals involving Enron, Arthur Anderson, WorldCom. Its goals are to protect investors by improving accuracy of and reliability of corporate disclosures and to restore investor confidence. The law is considered the most important change in securities and corporate law since the New Deal. The act is named after Senator Paul Sarbanes of MarylandRead MoreThe Quality of Financial Reporting After the Passage of Sarbanes-Oxley a2946 Words   |  12 PagesResearch Proposal The Quality of financial Reporting after the passage of Sarbanes-Oxley Act Dr. Hassan Ahmed Assistant Professor at Cameron University       Abstract The complexity of business environment necessitates a set of required disclosures in a timely fashion. The full disclosure principle under U.S. GAAP is based on a vague definition that cannot be clearly implemented. The cost of disclosures can be significantly large and can have a negative impact on companies’ future earnings

Author of A Rose for Emily, William Faulkners Nobel Prize...

All I have to say about A Rose for Emily is that she was a crazy person! Faulkner is a really worthy and famous writer that has a lot to say in his writings and I think that he accomplishes that when he writes. â€Å"On December 10, he delivered his acceptance speech to the academy in a voice so low and rapid that few could make out what he was saying, but when his words were published in the newspaper the following day, it was recognized for its brilliance; in later years, Faulkner’s speech would be lauded as the best speech ever given at a Nobel ceremony.† (Padgett) When William Faulkner gave his Nobel Acceptance Speech he had a quote in there and I think that he helped man endure by lifting his heart in A Rose for Emily, he also shows how†¦show more content†¦There were a lot of different emotions that were represented in this selection, but Faulkner didnt tell us that the characters were angry he used details to show us people’s emotions. â€Å"Try to be better than yourself. An artist is a creature driven by demons. He doesnt know why they choose him and hes usually too busy to wonder why. He is completely amoral in that he will rob, borrow, beg, or steal from anybody and everybody to get the work done.† (Faulkner/Stein) When he talks he uses a lot of emotion and that shows his style of writing. William Faulkner gave a Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech and in it he wrote about A Rose for Emily he gives himself challenges when he writes and one of the challenges is pity and sacrifice which has been the glory of the past. When he writes he is saying that the people who have had pity thrown upon them and the people who have made their sacrifices are the only ones who get the glory. â€Å"The human drama in Faulkners novels is then built on the model of the actual, historical drama extending over almost a century and a half.† (Faulkner) In A Rose for Emily this is shown when all of those people who left her life she didn t really make a big deal out of it she kept toShow MoreRelatedWilliam Faulkner Influence on his Work Essay1542 Words   |  7 Pages The writer and Nobel Prize winner, William Cuthbert Faulkner, was born in New Albany, Mississippi, on September 25, 1897. Faulkner was the first of four sons to Murry Cuthbert Falkner and Maud Butler. His family settled in Oxford when he was about five years old, and Faulkner spends most of his life there. Faulkner was successful early in his life, but during the fifth grade he lost interest in school and started missing classes. He did not graduate from high school, and later on he was able toRead More William Faulkner Essay1215 Words   |  5 Pages William Faulkner nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;William Faulkner is one of Americas most talked about writers and his work should be included in any literary canon for several reasons. After reading a few of his short stories, it becomes clear that Faulkners works have uniqueness to them. One of the qualities that make William Faulkners writings different is his close connection with the South. Gwendolyn Charbnier states, Besides the sociological factors that influence Faulkners work, biographicalRead MoreWilliam Faulkner s A Rose For Emily And Dry August2559 Words   |  11 PagesWho knew a high school dropout would become one of the most well-known authors still known today? Even though William Faulkner did not finish school (â€Å"William Faulkner – Biographical†), he certainly knew how to capture a reader’s attention and drop them into a new world with just a pen. The style in which he writes is unique. With only three semesters of college, he was forced to create from nearly a blank slate; college had not brainwashed him in to a repetitive nature with writing a certainRead MoreThe Limitations Of William Faulkner993 Words   |  4 PagesHowe, Irving. The Limitations of A Rose for Emily. William Faulkner: A Critical Study. ed. William Faulkner, Bloom s Literature, 2007. Web. 21 Nov. 2015 One of the most famous stories from William Faulkner, an American writer, was â€Å"A rose for Emily† and which requires some understanding. It is about a relation between South and North, with Miss. Emily representing the decadent South and Homer Barron the rapacious North. Faulkner made the story so glaring and pointed in its effects and solicitRead MoreThe Search for Time in Yoknapatawpha County1908 Words   |  8 Pagesyear and the time period of the story. Furthermore, in the short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner, the setting is a source of conflict. The narrator’s of the story, the town’s people, have an unknown entity, but because the story shifts between time periods and settings, the reader acquires different points of view from the same conflict. The theme of tradition and change in the short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, is enhanced by time, the southern gothic literature, and the post Civil WarRead Moreâ€Å"Resis tance to Change†: An Analysis of Not Changing with the Times854 Words   |  4 PagesIn his short story, A Rose for Emily, well-known American writer and Nobel Prize laureate, William Faulkner, narrates the consequences of people not changing with the times. He lived in the south when slavery was acceptable and includes this in many of his stories. Faulkner’s purpose is to emphasize to his audience that people must accept change and evolve or risk isolation and ultimately dying alone. Faulkner’s views on change are brought out effectively in â€Å"A Rose for Emily† through his use of settingRead MoreWilliam Faulkner is a Giant 1158 Words   |  5 Pagesbut in the realm of American literature, William Faulkner is a giant.†(Padgett, olemiss.edu) He was a Nobel Prize- winning novelist and a short story writer. Faulkner was acclaimed as one of the twentieth century’s greatest writers. From The Sound and the Fury in 1929 to Go Down, Moses in 1942 , was considered his greatest artistic achievement and accomplished more artistically then most artists in their lifetime of writing. (Padgett, olemiss.edu) William Cuthbert Falkner (as his named was then spelled)Read MoreWilliam Faulkner s Life And Accomplishments2132 Words   |  9 PagesWilliam Faulkner wrote more than just stories, he wrote legacies and wove tales enriched with knowledge and insight beyond his years, he entranced the public with poems filled to the brim with literary genius. This man, born and raised in mississippi, known widely as both an alcoholic and eccentric, created masterpieces that have lived on throughout the years, but exactly how did he come to be the author and poet he was? To answer that question accurately, we have to start from the beginning. WilliamRead MoreA Rose for Emily - Biography William Faulkner3892 Words   |  16 PagesBIOGRAPHY William Faulkner (September 25, 1897 – July 6, 1962) was a Nobel Prize-winning American author. One of the most influential writers of the 20th century, his reputation is based on his novels, novellas and short stories. However, he was also a published poet and an occasional screenwriter. Most of Faulkners works are set in his native state of Mississippi, and he is considered one of the most important Southern writers, along with Mark Twain, Robert Penn Warren, Flannery OConnorRead Moreâ€Å"a Rose for Emily, † â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† and â€Å"Good Country People, †1823 Words   |  8 PagesLoneliness from Society The time moves on for all people. If we cannot come to terms with that, bad things can happen. A short story, A Rose for Emil, by William Faulkner, was first published on April 30, 1930. William Cuthbert Faulkner was born in New Albany, Mississippi, on September 25, 1897. He is one of the greatest writers in America and obtained Nobel Prize laureate. As he grew up in New Albany, Mississippi, the Southern society influenced to him. Through his works such a Sartoris (book,

Project on Micromax free essay sample

With profound sense of gratitude and regard, we express our sincere thanks to our guide and mentor Ms Deepshikha Kalra, for her valuable guidance and the confidence she instilled in us, that helped us in the successful completion of this project report. Her thorough understanding of the subject and professional guidance was indeed of immense help to us. INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRY AND GROWTH RATE Indias telecommunication network is the second largest in the world based on the total number of telephone users (both fixed and mobile phone) It has one of the lowest call tariffs in the world enabled by the mega telephone networks and hyper-competition among them. It has the worlds third-largest Internet user-base with over 137 million as of June 2012 Indian telecom industry underwent a high pace of market liberalization and growth since 1990s and now has become the worlds most competitive and one of the fastest growing telecom markets The Industry has grown over twenty times in just ten years, from under 37 million subscribers in the year 2001 to over 846 million subscribers in the year 2011 India has the worlds second-largest mobile phone user base with over 929. We will write a custom essay sample on Project on Micromax or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 37 million users as of May 2012 The total revenue of the Indian telecom sector grew by 7% to INR 283207 crore (US$43 billion) for 2010–11 financial year, while revenues from telecom equipment segment stood at INR117039 crore (US$18 billion) INTRODUCTION TO MICROMAX Micromax is an Indian consumer electronics company located in Gurgaon, Haryana, India. It is in the business of manufacturing of Mobile Telephones, Tablet Computers, 3G Data cards and LED Televisions. It has 23 offices in India and an international office in Hong Kong.The company has about 656 employees. Micromax started as an IT software company in the year 2000 working on embedded platforms. In 2008, it entered mobile handset business and by 2010 it became one of the largest Indian domestic mobile handsets company operating in low cost feature phone segments. The company has a 22% market share in the Smartphone segment in India. As per IDC for Q2 2013. This transformation was steered by four friends who divided responsibilities on functional lines, which haven’t changed since: Rajesh Agarwal, Rahul Sharma,Vikas Jain, and Sumeet Arora. The companys product portfolio embraces more than 60 models today, ranging from feature rich, dual-SIM phones to QWERTY, touch-enabled smart-feature phones and 3G Android Smartphones. They also lay special focus on the products to enhance the customers overall experience with the device. Most of their products come with innovative packaging and bundled accessories. The company claims it has many firsts to its credit in the Mobile handset market including the 30-day battery backup, dual SIM, QWERTY Keypad, Universal Remote Control Mobile Phone etc. Micromax has presence in more than 560 districts through 125,000 retail outlets in India. The company has sales presence spread across Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal. Competitive Rivalry within the Industry Competition if healthy would bring huge success but if negative would destroy the whole industry so it should be critically analyzed for better future of the company. Micromax has a very strong position in the Indian mobile industry but few major rivals do exist in the industry like Samsung, Sony, HTC Etc. Above mentioned companies are fighting continuously to get on to  each other and avoid any sort of competition but I is still there. If we talk about marketing and advertising these companies have spent hell of their expenditures for the purpose of effective marketing and advertising and in competition they have always out performed each other. Competition is violent in the mobile industry, and this is a plus point for consumers. Provided that these companies carry on in competing with each other, consumers will persistently enjoy improving product qualities. Bargaining Power of Customers The bargaining power of customers has always been an important factor in terms of company’s performance so this should be given reasonable value while accessing the company’s position. Customers carry huge quantity of bargaining power concerning their utilization of different Micromax products. Although a lot of substitute products and competitors Micromax customers have very influential choices but still the quality and pricing that has been maintained by Micromax has made it very successful among the users. It is very important to understand the power of the customers and also their needs so that they can be better satisfied. This is what Micromax always cares about and that is reflected in Micromaxs strategies that are being used wile creation of new products as society has in progress of becoming more tech savvy . Bargaining Power of Suppliers Bargaining power of suppliers is very important factor to be considered in any industry as they are the main strength of the company. Micromax is now known for strong relations with the suppliers around the globe due to its immense buying power and also because of the fact that in such products quality is always important. Micromax as always focused over strong and sturdy business relations to make the ongoing quality stronger. Additionally, Micromax also presents helpful guidance to its suppliers on how to work more proficiently to decrease redundant expenses. And thus it cares of its suppliers which in return pays them off in the form of quality products. Threat of Substitute Goods Substitutes have always been in line whenever we talk about products market, every kind of product has a substitute present which leads it to the heights of competition when taken seriously. As the product is very common and frequently used product so the threat of substitutes is very high here. Like if we take the example of Airtel Mobile Network Connection the substitutes of this is Vodafone Services that serve as a competition. So Micromax has to innovate its products tremendously to stay in the market and to work efficiently for removing the threat of substitutes. We can take the example of recent innovation which are very effective and efficient factor that has been introduced in all products of Micromax. Such initiatives would make it easier for Micromax to go beyond the substitutes Threat of New Entrants If the market is attractive the new entrants would always be a threat for the company but if the market has been restricted to a limited resource and it has very few areas of improvement so it becomes difficult for new entrants to get into the market and hence monopolies exist. Although Micromax has accomplished a strong name in the Indian mobiles market but as the Mobile industry is very huge and viable; so there are a lot of companies who already entered in this market like ( Karbonn, Gionee, Lava, Xolo, Lenovo, Etc) and somehow achieved a place in the market even though they could not cross Micromax in terms of market share. Every year number of companies attempt to enter the market and strive for their share of profit and productivity in the market but very few survive. Micromax has been the leader of market for almost 2 years so now it has become a very big challenge for the new entrants to not only work over their quality but they also have to cut the share of Micromax to survive which is quite difficult. Fundamentally, Micromax is persistently on the board, and therefore the threat of new entrants is temperate.